Common building features in homes

Many homeowners contact us with questions about specific features in and around their homes. This page explains how the National Construction Code (NCC) relates to some of the most common topics we hear about. 

You don't need to understand the technical details of the NCC to use this information. The aim is to help you understand how the NCC generally applies, when it is relevant, and who to contact if you have questions. This information can help you in discussions with your designer, builder and other construction industry professionals. 

The NCC sets minimum requirements for building and plumbing work. It usually applies when new building work is carried out, such as building a new home, adding an extension or undertaking significant renovations. It does not regulate everyday use of your home, routine maintenance or minor repairs.

You may hear builders, designers or certifiers describe the NCC as a performance-based code. This means the NCC focuses on what a building needs to achieve, rather than prescribing a single way to achieve it. There are 2 main ways building work can show it meets the NCC: Deemed-to-Satisfy solutions and Performance Solutions.

Deemed-to-Satisfy solutions

Deemed-to-Satisfy solutions follow the standard methods set out in the NCC. They are widely used for houses and low-rise residential buildings and are based on established construction practices. Many homes are designed and built using Deemed-to-Satisfy solutions, particularly where the design is straightforward.

Performance Solutions

Performance Solutions provide flexibility in how a building meets the NCC. Instead of following a standard method, a Performance Solution shows that the design still meets the NCC’s performance requirements, even if it does things differently. Performance Solutions are often used where designs are innovative, site conditions are challenging, or standard solutions are not practical.

What this means for homeowners

As a homeowner, you are not expected to choose which type of solution is used or understand the technical details. Your designer, architect, builder and certifier are responsible for selecting appropriate solutions and demonstrating that the work meets the NCC. If a Performance Solution is proposed, your building professional should be able to explain why it is being used and what it means for your project.

Stairs and steps

Stairs are a common topic of enquiry, particularly in multi-storey homes or renovations. The NCC includes minimum requirements for stairs, such as step dimensions, handrails and slip resistance. These requirements are considered during the design and approval of new building work. If you have concerns about existing stairs, changes made after approval, or maintenance issues, your local council, building certifier or state or territory regulator is usually the best place to start.

Read our FAQs for more information about stairways, barriers and handrails.

Balustrades and handrails

Balustrades and handrails help prevent falls from stairs, balconies and raised areas. The NCC includes minimum requirements for where balustrades are required, their height and allowable openings. These requirements usually apply when new work is carried out or existing structures are altered as part of an approved project.

Read our FAQs for more information about stairways, barriers and handrails.

Pool and spa barriers

Pool and spa safety is a frequent area of confusion for homeowners. While the NCC includes requirements for pool and spa barriers, state and territory laws play a major role in how these requirements are applied, approved and enforced. Your local council or state or territory regulator is the best source of advice about pool fencing requirements in your area. 

Laundry sinks and plumbing fixtures

Questions about laundry sinks and other plumbing fixtures often relate to plumbing and drainage requirements. The NCC includes minimum requirements for plumbing systems, which are usually assessed during approved plumbing work. If you are planning changes or experiencing plumbing issues, a licensed plumber can advise on what approvals may be needed.

You may find answers to other questions in our NCC plumbing FAQs. 

Watch our 'I don't want a laundry tub, can I use a sink instead?' video for more information about laundry sinks. 

Other common topics

Homeowners also commonly ask about decks and balconies, ramps and accessibility features, windows and glazing, smoke alarms, and waterproofing in wet areas. We will continue to add information on common topics as questions arise.

Anyone can access the NCC for free through NCC Online. However, it is a technical document and should not replace professional advice.

If you’re not sure who to contact, the getting help with the National Construction Code page explains where to start.